🇵🇰 Pakistan Affairs: Comprehensive Overview

1. Historical Background

• Indus Valley Civilization

• Arrival of Islam in the Subcontinent (711 AD – Muhammad Bin Qasim)

• Delhi Sultanate & Mughal Empire

• British Rule and its Impact

• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and the Aligarh Movement

• Allama Iqbal’s Vision

• Pakistan Resolution (1940)

• Creation of Pakistan (14th August 1947)

2. Ideology of Pakistan

• Definition and Importance

• Two-Nation Theory

• Role of Islam

• Quaid-e-Azam’s Statements

• Objectives Resolution (1949)

3. Constitutional Development

• Constitutions of 1956, 1962, and 1973

• Amendments (esp. 18th Amendment)

• Federalism and Parliamentary System

4. Political History

• Governments since 1947

• Military Interventions

• Democratic Transitions

• Political Parties (PPP, PML-N, PTI, etc.)

5. Foreign Policy of Pakistan

• Key Principles

• Relations with Neighboring Countries (India, China, Afghanistan, Iran)

• Pakistan and the Muslim World

• Role in UNO, OIC, SAARC, SCO

6. Economic Overview

• Agriculture and Industry

• CPEC and its Significance

• Challenges: Inflation, Unemployment, Circular Debt

• IMF Programs

7. Geography and Resources

• Provinces and Administrative Divisions

• Mountains, Rivers, and Deserts

• Natural Resources (Coal, Gas, Minerals)

8. Social Issues

• Education and Literacy

• Health Sector

• Gender Inequality

• Population Growth

9. Security and Strategic Issues

• Terrorism and Operation Zarb-e-Azb / Radd-ul-Fasaad

• Nuclear Policy

• Cyber Security and Hybrid Warfare

10. Current Affairs

• Recent Political Developments

• Judicial Activism

• Major Projects (Bhasha Dam, ML-1, Reko Diq)

• Climate Change and Environmental Challenges

• Youth and Digital Transformation